latam
Argentina - País de Boludos - [Apocalipsis Ahora: Momentos Populistas de la Biblia - (Podcast)](https://open.spotify.com/show/44CaA2c7wk8ClBYgapk3Oq?si=ZyMXvg_6TWSAI7mfL0-Nzw) Brasil - Revolushow - https://revolushow.com/ - Viracasacas - https://viracasacas.com/ - Benzina! - https://twitter.com/benzinaInc - Medo e Delirio em Brasilia - https://twitter.com/medoedeliriobr - LadoBdoRio - https://twitter.com/LadoBdoRio - Tese Onze - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0fGGprihDIlQ3ykWvcb9hg Chile - La Cosa Nostra - https://twitter.com/padrino50leyes Mexico - International House of Hot Takes - https://twitter.com/IHOHTPodcast Añadí varios de Brasil que suenan bien pero que nunca escuché ni les logro cazar el portugués, si resulta que son malos, me avisan.
www.ambito.com
Milei received the controversial medal of the “Bolsonaro Club”. What do the 3 i’s mean and why are they criticized? Other people who have received the medal includes Donald Trump and Viktor Orbán, among other prominent right-wing leaders. In his brief visit to Brazil, President Javier Milei was inducted to the exclusive “Bolsonaro Club”, a distinction created by former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro for his closest ideological allies. During the induction ceremony, Milei received the “medal of the three i's”, a significant symbol within the Bolsonaro circle, with homophobic and sexist overtones. When asked about the meaning of the three i's, the Argentine president was informed by Eduardo Bolsonaro, Jair's son, of their connotations. The first “í” stands for “imorrível” (immortal), highlighting Jair Bolsonaro's survival after the attack suffered during his presidential campaign. “They stabbed him and he is still alive,” Eduardo emphasized. The second “í” is “imbrochável”, a word without exact translation into Spanish, which, according to Bolsonaro Jr., alludes to male virility during sexual intercourse, provoking laughter and a jocular apology to Karina Milei for the explanation. The last “í” is “incomível” (incompatible), which the Bolsonaro family uses to indicate that they have never had sex nor romantic relationships with men. However, the awarding of this medal was not without controversy, as it was criticized by some who consider it homophobic. On social media, there was both support and rejection of Milei's visit to Camboriú, where he met Jair Bolsonaro, highlighting the polarized opinions regarding this event and its political implications.
Painting: [The Oath of the Ancestors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Oath_of_the_Ancestors) JJ is on the right (c. 1758-1806), former slave, general in the Haitian Revolution, first leader of independent Haiti, and a lwa in the Haitian Vodou pantheon. The specifics of Jean-Jacques Dessalines’s early life are not well documented and historians have not come to a consensus regarding his date and place of birth. He was born around the year 1758 in either west-central Africa or in the Grande Rivière region in the north of the French colony of Saint-Domingue in the Caribbean, where he spent much of his life as a slave on two plantations. In the late eighteenth century, Saint-Domingue was the most wealth-producing colony in the Americas. Much of this wealth was generated through the cultivation and export of sugar and coffee crops. Enslaved people, often purchased by the plantation owners through the transatlantic slave trade, were forced to work on plantations to produce wealth for their masters. Some enslaved people were born in the colony, but the violence inherent in the labor system meant that the laboring population could not be sustained by natural growth and therefore a majority of the slave population in Saint-Domingue was African-born. Dessalines worked on the Duclos sugar plantation in Cormier for most of his enslaved life and was subjected to excessive violence and brutal discipline by his notoriously cruel white master. He bore the deep scars of his enslavement until his death. On the Duclos plantation, he attained the position of foreman and was eventually sold to a free black master builder named Des Salines. The fact that he kept his second master’s last name, even after the abolition of slavery, suggests that he maintained a better relationship with Des Salines than his first master. The Revolution Dessalines’s whereabouts during the first years of the Haitian Revolution are unknown. By 1793, however, it is clear that he was a member of the revolutionary army under the leadership of Toussaint Louverture. He enters the historic record through his promotion to captain as a reward for his gallantry in battle. This same year, the French agents Léger Félicité Sonthonax and Étienne Polverel proclaimed the abolition of slavery in the colony. The French Assemblé Nationale ratified this decision and applied it to the entire French Empire in 1794. During the Haitian Revolution, Saint-Domingue had become a battleground for the inter-imperial war raging throughout the Atlantic. Louverture and his army gained prominence in the French Republican army as they fought against the Spanish forces that were encroaching from the east and British forces that occupied the southern and western departments of the colony. Former slaves and free people of color fought on all three sides during these battles as they jockeyed for their own personal advantage and interests. During these conflicts, Dessalines secured the position of colonel of the Fourth Regiment in Louverture’s army in 1795. That same year, the Spanish army left the island as a result of the Treaty of Basel in which the eastern side of Hispaniola, formerly the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo, was ceded to the French. The British evacuated the south in 1798. These conflicts, however, had lasting results, and even after the international wars ended, internal divisions still remained. Louverture’s military victories won him significant power and political authority in the colony, but he struggled for control with the agents that the French metropolitan government sent to the colony. One of the key conflicts occurred between Louverture and the French agent Joseph d’Hédouville. For a brief amount of time, their interests overlapped and they were able to collaborate; it soon became clear to Louverture, however, that Hédouville was his primary competition. After the evacuation of the British, Dessalines assumed command of the region of St. Marc and from there he marched toward Cap-Français to arrest Hédouville. Hédouville was in the process of trying to escape a rebellion under the command of General Moyse Louverture. Moyse had a close relationship with his adoptive “uncle” Toussaint Louverture, but he and his followers also disagreed with some of Louverture’s policies, notably Louverture and Hédouville’s labor laws, which had been enacted in an attempt to revive the colony’s sugar and coffee plantations. Whereas Louverture and Hédouville believed that the war and the colony were not sustainable without agricultural production, Moyse supported small-scale farming and land distribution. Moyse was executed by Louverture for his act of rebellion, but Dessalines was not able to capture Hédouville and, as he fled the colony, Hédouville surrendered his power to Louverture’s rival, André Rigaud, the commander of military forces in the south. The rivalry between Louverture and Rigaud was ingrained with conflicts based on socioracial status and skin color; Louverture represented a darker-skinned army and Rigaud one of mixed racial heritage. The conflict, however, was based on not only skin color but also political divisions. In 1799 Louverture sent Dessalines to subdue Rigaud’s separatist movement. In March 1800, in a key battle of the War of the South, as it became known, Dessalines and Louverture along with Henry Christophe gathered their vastly larger forces and defeated Rigaud and Alexandre Pétion’s forces at the city of Jacmel. The fighting continued, but Rigaud and his leading generals eventually evacuated the city of Les Cayes in August 1800, enabling Louverture to secure it. Following these battles, Dessalines’s fiancée Marie Félicité Claire Heureuse Bonheur served as a nurse and encouraged him to show mercy to the injured soldiers of Rigaud’s defeated army. Claire Heureuse was likely the daughter of a poor free black couple from Léogane. On 21 October 1801 she married Dessalines in Léogane and the wedding celebration continued for three days. Dessalines is believed to have been a passionate dancer. At the time of their wedding, Dessalines had at least four children with at least one other woman. Once Louverture assumed the sole leadership role in the colony, he, along with Dessalines and Moyse, attempted to force the population to return to plantation labor. They viewed the export economy as the only way to sustain relative autonomy from France and to secure manufactured goods, most importantly, war materials. Dessalines was in charge of the southern and western departments and used violence or the threat of violence to coerce the laborers to assume the same jobs that they had been forced to work as slaves. This strategy may have been a tactic to appease French anxieties over the lack of productivity in the colony and to assure the metropole that the system could continue as it had previously. This was because Louverture was advocating for greater autonomy, but at the same time he did not want to anger the French government. Louverture issued a constitution in 1801 that professed continued allegiance to France but also declared autonomous government in Saint-Domingue. This document challenged the authority of Napoléon Bonaparte in France and, as a result, Bonaparte began to coordinate a military campaign to regain control of the colony. He sent a force of 30,000 men under the direction of his brother-in-law Charles Victor Emmanuel Leclerc to Saint-Domingue to disarm the “rebel” army. The army arrived in early 1802, and rumors that Bonaparte and Leclerc planned to reintroduce slavery in the colony sparked massive resistance there. A series of defeats led Christophe, Louverture, and Dessalines to surrender to the French, but widespread resistance continued. Leclerc distrusted Louverture and had him deported to France, where he would die in 1803 in a prison at Fort-de-Joux in the Jura mountains. Christophe, Dessalines, and a number of other commanders in the colonial armies then fought alongside Leclerc to subdue the resistance and to disarm the population. It quickly became clear to these native leaders, however, that their visions for the colony differed significantly from the goals of the Leclerc expedition. They defected and rejoined the rebel camp. Louverture’s absence in the colony paved the way for Dessalines to assume the military rank of general-in-chief in what he began to call the “Indigenous Army.” The perceived threat to universal liberty in Saint-Domingue quickly turned the revolution into a war for independence. This was an all-out war. It was characterized by extreme violence on both sides since both armies assumed that the only solution was the complete eradication of the opposing forces. Leclerc argued that the only way to make Saint-Domingue productive again was to kill the entire population and to start fresh with enslaved captives from Africa. Dessalines’s army, aided by a bout of yellow fever that ravaged the French army, gained the upper hand. In mid-1803 Dessalines began to plan for independence. The final battled occurred outside the city of Cap-Français at Vertières, and on 29 November 1803 Dessalines signed a peace treaty with Leclerc’s successor, Donatien Marie Joseph Rochambeau, calling for the evacuation of the French army. The treaty provided for the safe evacuation of the French army and any French planters who wished to leave. It also guaranteed the security of those planters who wished to stay. Louverture had previously promised the safety of white plantation owners if they wished to return to their former plantations and Dessalines’s assurances appeared to be mirroring such a strategy. He did not keep this promise, however, and many of these white French plantation owners were killed on Dessalines’s orders. Independence A month after the evacuation of the French, on 1 January 1804, Dessalines gathered his generals at Gonaïves and gave a speech that declared the island’s independence from France. This speech was soon published as being addressed to the “citizens of Haiti.” In this proclamation, Dessalines swore “eternal hatred to the French” but promised not to intervene in the affairs of the other empires of the Atlantic. At the time, Dessalines was courting the governments of Britain, Spain, and the United States in an attempt to secure recognition of the island’s independence from France as well as to find trading partners. This recognition was not forthcoming. Dessalines’s speech represents the world’s second successful declaration of independence to form a lasting nation-state, after the United States, and it also created the second independent nation in the Americas. On the same day, Dessalines was named governor-general for life of “Hayti.” This proclamation emphasized the many ways that the French influence could still be felt in the new country and highlighted the need for Haitians to prepare for battle. This call to arms resulted in a series of violent and public massacres of the remaining white French citizens on the island between February and April 1804. A small number of skilled individuals were spared for their perceived usefulness to the new country and British and American merchants were protected. In describing these massacres, Dessalines declared, “I have avenged America.” In November 1804 Dessalines proclaimed himself Emperor Jacques I of Hayti, but he did not publish a national constitution until 1805. This constitution renewed the law that prohibited slavery and undertook to regulate the social, legal, and commercial structure of the country. Dessalines assumed complete control of the governance and military leadership of the country and ruled Haiti in an authoritarian manner. The 1805 constitution declared that all Haitians were citizens of the same family and were to be considered “black.” This designation was an attempt to eliminate the socio-racial hierarchies that had carried over from the colonial period. Despite efforts like this, Dessalines’s rule, in fact, had a lot in common with the colonial period and many former slaves were forced to go back to plantation labor and once more worked the land for the benefit of others. By late 1806 Dessalines’s authoritarian rule had inspired resistance among the leading generals of the army, who organized a plot for his overthrow. On 17 October 1806 Dessalines was assassinated by a group of rebels near Pont Rouge just outside of Port-au-Prince. He was shot and his body torn to pieces and paraded through the city. Following Dessalines’s death, a battle for national leadership ensued between the generals Henry Christophe and Alexandre Pétion. Christophe was elected to office under a new constitution in 1806, but he did not agree with the republican style of government. He and his supporters retreated to the north and published a new constitution in 1807. The country split in civil war and Pétion was elected president of the Republic of Haiti in the southern and western departments. For the next decade, the country existed under the two governments of Haiti in a civil war stalemate, which sometimes flared up into outright war. While the Haitian government had declared independence in 1804, the French government did not immediately acknowledge its defeat and waited until 1825 to extend official diplomatic recognition to Haiti. And, even after such a long time, the French only did so in exchange for an enormous indemnity payment from the Haitian government to compensate the former plantation owners who had lost their human and territorial property during the revolution. The British, Dutch, and Danish empires implicitly recognized Haitian independence in 1826 when they sent consuls to the island, but the United States waited until 1862 to recognize Haiti’s independence. While all of these governments withheld official diplomatic recognition after the Haitian declaration of independence, merchants traded with Haiti, legally and illegally, and helped to support the island’s independence from France. Following his death, Dessalines was incorporated into the Vodou pantheon as “Ogoun Desalin.” The figure of Ogoun in Haitian Vodou is the innovation of a syncretic amalgamation of the Catholic Saint Jacques and the African warrior spirit Ogoun. Dessalines is the only leader of Haiti to have been named to the Vodou pantheon, and this highlights his continued importance in Haiti’s history. - [Haitidoi JJ Dessalines](https://haitidoi.com/2015/03/31/jean-jacques-dessalines-c-1758-1806/) **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/3311273) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3468550) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3363552) - 👊 Share your gains and goals with your comrades in the [New Weekly Improvement thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3464183) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
Paulo Freire, born on the 19th of September in 1921, was a Brazilian philosopher and radical pedagogue most known for his 1968 work Pedagogy of the Oppressed. "Language is never neutral." Paulo was born in Recife, the capital of the northeastern Brazilian state of Pernambuco. Initially affluent, his family experienced hardship during the Great Depression of the 1930s, and Freire's education suffered due to his own experiences with poverty and hunger. Freire began working as a schoolteacher in the 1940s, beginning to serve as the director of the Pernambuco Department of Education and Culture in 1946. Due to the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, where a military dictatorship was put in place with the support of the United States, Paulo Freire was exiled from his home country, an exile that lasted 16 years. Freire then worked in Chile, until April 1969 when he accepted a temporary position at Harvard University. It was during this period, in 1968, that Freire published his most famous work, "Pedagogy of the Oppressed". In this text, Freire criticizes what he calls the "banking method" of education, wherein a teacher "deposits" knowledge into an empty vessel, the student, or "bank". Instead, Freire calls upon teacher to engage in a more dialog-centric or creative education, one in which the suppressed experiences of the oppressed help create knowledge, fostering a social reality in which the marginalized are humanized. Pedagogy of the Oppressed has since become the third most cited book in the social sciences, according to Elliott D. Green. As of 2000, the book had sold over 750,000 copies worldwide. >"Manipulation, sloganizing, depositing, regimentation, and prescription cannot be components of revolutionary praxis, precisely because they are the components of the praxis of domination." Paulo Freire - [Pedagogy of the Oppressed](https://envs.ucsc.edu/internships/internship-readings/freire-pedagogy-of-the-oppressed.pdf) **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/3311273) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3468550) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3363552) - 👊 Share your gains and goals with your comrades in the [New Weekly Improvement thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3464183) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
Alerts of "black rain" in Argentina After the massive forest fires in Bolivia, Brasil and Córdoba (Arg province) have caused a large part of Argentina to have ashen skies, now the incoming rains will catch all that smoke.
larednoticias.com.ar
>La medida fue oficializada en la Resolución 893/2024, publicada esta madrugada en el Boletín Oficial. “Créase el COMANDO UNIFICADO DE SEGURIDAD PRODUCTIVA, con el objetivo específico de ejecutar tareas destinadas a la prevención y control del orden en los enclaves productivos del País” >En el DNU, se destacó que “se han originado graves hechos de violencia, bloqueos e impedimento por medios ilícitos para que se pueda trabajar, comercializar y distribuir libremente la producción, en zonas portuarias (como) Bahía Blanca, San Lorenzo – Timbúes, zonas de producción de hidrocarburos como Vaca Muerta o zonas mineras, o Parques Industriales”. En ese sentido, señalaron que esos hechos “incidieron concretamente en un peligro colectivo a la vida, la libertad y el patrimonio de los habitantes y de las empresas o libre circulación de los trabajadores, como también de su actividad productiva”. hello brownshirts? dunno if the source is reactionary or fake or lefty, but [executive order](https://www.argentina.gob.ar/normativa/nacional/resolución-893-2024-403787)) exists
newleftreview.org
[linky to boomerberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-09-02/argentina-ships-gold-bars-abroad-to-be-financially-certified) Once certified, the gold could eventually be used as collateral to obtain financing, according to one of the people, who asked not to be identified discussing private information. Before the move, about half of Argentina’s gold was in domestic vaults with the other half in London, another person said. Officials from the central bank, known by its Spanish acronym BCRA, declined to comment on the matter. The monetary authority separately confirmed Monday it had sent gold between its accounts, mentioning both ones in the country and others abroad. However, the bank didn’t say how much of its nearly $5 billion in gold was shipped, for what reason or to where. Bank officials also criticized what they called “irresponsible” reports about the gold going abroad, emphasizing that management of reserves has always been kept confidential. Newspaper Pagina 12 published a video Aug. 19 of a truck emblazoned with the BCRA logo driving on the highway, reporting that it was en route to the main international airport in Buenos Aires with $250 million of gold bars. It’s not clear how Caputo and Central Bank Governor Santiago Bausili will use the gold that’s been transferred abroad to be certified. But the economy minister has already said the government is negotiating a special purchase vehicle, or repo agreement, with commercial banks.
The Communist Party – Brazilian Section of the Communist International (Partido Comunista – Seção Brasileira da Internacional Comunista, PC-SBIC) was founded on 25 March 1922, gathering Brazilian Communists under the same label until the international rupture in the movement that occurred after the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1956, and the 5th Congress of the PC-SBIC in 1960, when Brazilian Communists found themselves divided into two tendencies. At the 20th Congress of the CPSU, Nikita Khrushchev had delivered the so-called "Secret Speech", which denounced the abuses committed by the Soviet state under Joseph Stalin's rule. Khrushchev was considered a revisionist by supporters of the late Stalin, which led to a rupture in the Communist movement in various countries. In Brazil, the rupture reached the party leadership, which had rebuilt PC-SBIC after the setbacks it suffered under the Estado Novo regime (1930–1945), which tried to pit workers against the party and violently repressed it. The party leadership prior to the rupture, primarily composed of revisionists, was formed in 1943 by João Amazonas, Maurício Grabois, Pedro Pomar, Diógenes Arruda Câmara, and Secretary General Luís Carlos Prestes, among others. **PC-SBIC (1922–1962)** The PC-SBIC was ideologically grounded in the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and in the actions of Vladimir Lenin in the aftermath of the October Revolution, advocating democratic centralism and Marxism–Leninism. It was launched on 25 March 1922 in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, when members of the Brazilian working class took their first big step towards arranging themselves under a class organization; nine delegates, representing 50 workers, held a Congress and founded the PC-SBIC. On 4 April 1922, it was recognized as a political party by the federal government, with its manifesto being published in the Official Gazette. Following the international guidance, the party was given the name of Communist Party – Brazilian Section of the Communist International. A series of influential parties in the Brazilian political scene emerged from the PC-SBIC, such as the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) and the Revolutionary Communist Party (PCR), in addition to many Trotskyist and Stalinist groups. The international rupture that arose in the Communist movement after 1956 caused the PC-SBIC to split on 18 February 1962, during its 5th National Congress. **Reorganization of the Communist Party of Brazil** The National Party Conference (Conference of Mantiqueira) was held on 11 August 1943. The Conference reviewed the political situation and the tasks of the Party, politics, and tasks of construction and rebuilding to which it must attend. A new Central Committee was elected, for the old leadership and the party organization was almost torn apart due to arrests by the police. The 2nd Reorganization (18 February 1962) At the 5th National Conference Meetings, held on 18 February 1962, in São Paulo, with the dissent of Marxist-Leninist tendencies, the party was reorganized. Embracing the acronym and symbol PCdoB, the party was proclaimed the legitimate successor of the Communist Party – Brazilian Section of the Communist International (PC-SBIC). In opposition to the revisionist line of the 5th Congress, the Conference adopted the Manifesto-Program, which draws a revolutionary line, reintroduced the Statute adopted at the Fourth Congress, adopted a resolution on the unity of the Communists, signed the principle that each country can only exist a single Marxist–Leninist party, decided to reissue The Working Class, a former central organ of the Party, approved the break with the USSR, and, finally, elected a new Central Committee. Maoist guideline (1962–1969) The crisis between the Soviet Union and China reached its peak when the Chinese leader Mao Zedong criticized the ongoing process of de-Stalinization in the USSR, and accused Khrushchev of "opportunistic" and "reformist" deviations. A division of Mao with the rest of the communist movement attracted the sympathy of the PCdoB, who sent emissaries to Beijing to formalize the ideological link with the new ideological guidelines of the Chinese Communist Party. However, adherence to Maoism included a shift in the strategies of the PCdoB. Following the principle of protracted people's war, PCdoB undertook to transfer ideology to the field, initiating the formation of a peasant army. The final adoption of Maoism by the PCdoB was in 1966 at its 6th Congress. The following year, the party drew up a declaration in support of the Cultural Revolution underway in China. The Araguaia Guerrilla (1969–1976) Forward from 1966, PCdoB sought to form a nucleus guerrilla camp. The area chosen for the irradiation of the future peasant army (along a Maoist line) was a region south of Para, near the border with Tocantins. The most effective guerrilla of the PCdoB column (under the name "Araguaia Guerrilla Force") was composed of high school and college students, organized around the Patriotic Union of Youth (UJP, youth wing of the party), professionals, and workers mainly from São Paulo and Minas Gerais. In 1971, Army units discovered the location of the guerrilla nucleus and were deployed to cordon off the area, preventing it from spreading its operations to the north of the Amazon. The defeat of the Araguaia would establish the ideal of the PCdoB guerrillas as the most effective and experienced of armed struggle the dictatorship. The Araguaia Guerrilla redefined the dictatorship's plans for the Amazon region, whose repressions in the region were hidden long after the dictatorship's fall. **The abandonment of Maoism (1976–1979)** Shorn of its main cadres, PCdoB began to regroup with staff from the PA leadership and staff of João Amazonas, who, with Diógenes Arruda, were the last remnants of the group that rebuilt the party in 1962. Arruda's death (in 1979) left Amazonas as Secretary of the PCdoB until his death. Observing the failure of the rural guerrilla and the new policy adopted by China since Mao's death in 1976, PCdoB decided to break with Maoism. In 1978, the party followed Enver Hoxha in his criticism of Chinese leaders, and considered Albania alone as a socialist country, the last bulwark of Marxism-Leninism. The path to legalization (1979–1987) In 1978, the party had begun participating in institutional action through the MDB, the moderate opposition to the military government. PCdoB resumed its parliamentary activity and secretly elected its first MPs from within the MDB. In 1979, with the granting of Amnesty, PCdoB found a favorable environment for their penetration of the unions and student organizations. The party was opposed to the CUT (trade union arm of the PT). The rebuilding of UNE (1979) with Aldo Rebelo marked the beginning of the hegemony of the party in university entity. In 1984, PCdoB founded the Union of Socialist Youth (UJS), its youth wing. In elections to the Constituent Assembly of 1986, PCdoB elected six deputies, including Haroldo Lima, and Aldo Arantes **A socialist program (1987–1995)** The social and economic crisis that followed the Cruzado Plan (1987) led PCdoB to break the PMDB. In its place, the party sought a broader alliance with the PT and the PSB. In 1988, trade unionists PCdoB broke with the General Workers Central and formed the current Class Union, which then became part of the CUT, currently connected to the CTB. In 1989, along with the PSB, PCdoB supported the candidacy of PT's Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva for the presidency. Also with the PT, PCdoB also was in opposition to the government of Fernando Collor. PCdoB argued for his removal, which occurred in September 1992 with large student demonstrations, participated in by the UJS along with the UBEs and UNE. **Lula administration and opposition to neoliberalism** In the late 1980s, PCdoB supported the formation of a popular front to launch Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's candidacy for President. Since then, it has been a member of all electoral coalitions led by the Workers' Party (PT) at the federal level. It has also allied itself with the PT in most states and capitals. The PCdoB has registered a generally steady increase in its number of seats in the National Congress since the 1986 elections, the first parliamentary elections which the party contested. With the victory of Lula in 2002, PCdoB became part of the federal government, occupying the Ministry of Sports; first with Agnelo Queiroz, and later with Orlando Silva. This was the first time that a Communist occupied a Ministry of the Brazilian state. Although critical of the economic policy of the Lula administration, PCdoB maintained its support to PT. In 2006, when Lula sought his re-election, the party formalized its participation in his alliance. At the end of 2007, its divergences with PT began to increase, and PCdoB abandoned the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) trade union organization, and, along with the Brazilian Socialist Party and other independent sections of the union movement, it founded the Central of Male and Female Workers of Brazil (CTB). The PCdoB suffered a major decline during the 2020 municipal elections, from 86 elected in 2016 to 46 mayors elected in 2020. The region that elected the most PCdoB candidates was the Northeast region , in the states of Bahia and Maranhão. The 15th National Congress of the PCdoB took place in October 2021 and re-elected Luciana Santos as the party's president for the next four years. The event was named “ Haroldo Lima ” in honor of the historic communist leader who died this year due to Covid-19 and marked the preparations for the party's centenary. At the event, a political resolution was also approved focusing on strengthening the party and the fight to build a broad front to isolate and defeat the Bolsonaro government. **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/3311273) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3311048) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3310603) - 👊 Share your gains and goals with your comrades in the [New Weekly Improvement thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3308182) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
I was exploring this small historic town in a Spanish language LatAm country recently. It's frequented primarily by local tourists from the closest large metropolis, mostly on the weekends. There's plentiful vegan/vegetarian eateries, an old cathedral square, and lots of natural beauty in the vicinity, etc. It's got that old-urbanism charm with nothing over ~3-4 stories tall. So while I was exploring the place walking around, I stumbled into this cafe / book shop place. They had a coffee bar area, some books, reusable water bottles with local art, various notepads and sketchpads, some jewelry based on pre-Columbian art in a display case, etc. As I'm looking around, I catch a glimpse of the book for sale. "Mi Lucha" in that chunky red Wolfenstein font and Adolf's face on the cover. I was a bit shocked. Noped the fuck out of there as casually as possible. Just a very WTF moment.
Negro Matapacos (“Cop-Killer Blackie”) was a famous stray dog from thestreets of Santiago who joined student protests across the city from 2010, and in particular during the 2011 movement for free education. he was a stray dog from the streets of Santiago, and began joining student demonstrations in 2010. The following year, one of the biggest social movements since the fall of the military dictatorship began, fighting for free education and against neoliberal reforms to the education system. Negro Matapacos was then seen regularly at every demonstration, defying tear gas and water cannons and always barking at or attacking only the riot police, and never any students or rioters. He subsequently continued to appear sporadically at future demonstrations, and hung out on university campuses, becoming beloved to student and radical movements as a symbol of resistance to violent authority. His last days were spent resting with people who took him in, with a crowdfunded veterinarian. Some people who knew him sent us some of their memories of him, telling us how he defied tear gas and water cannons, and only ever barked at or attacked police officers, and never students or rioters. After his death, his legacy lives on in songs, street murals, an award-winning documentary and in the memories of all those who knew him. He was a good boy. **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/3311273) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3311048) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3310603) - 👊 Share your gains and goals with your comrades in the [New Weekly Improvement thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3308182) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
Popped up on my feed. I know nothing about the channel or this person
Calixto García Íñiguez, born on this day in 1836, was a general in three separate Cuban uprisings for independence - the Ten Years' War, the Little War, and the War of 1895, which bled into the Spanish-American War. García joined the Ten Years' War at the age of 18. Five years later, when surrounded by Spanish troops, he shot himself under the chin with a .45 caliber pistol to not give them the satisfaction of capturing him. Although the bullet went out of his forehead and knocked him unconscious, he survived. The wound left a great scar and gave him headaches for the rest of his life. García played a key role in the ultimately successful War of 1895 and protested the subsequent lack of Cuban autonomy in the conclusion of the war (no Cuban was allowed to sign the terms of surrender and the Spanish leaders in Cuba were allowed to keep their posts in Santiago). After American military commander William Shafter excluded Cubans from negotiations for the surrender of Santiago, declined to invite García to the surrender ceremonies, and let Spanish authorities remain in control of Santiago until the U.S. could establish a military government, García resigned from the rebel army in protest on July 17th, 1898. García died of pneumonia on December 11th, 1898 while on a diplomatic mission in Washington, D.C. Today, his portrait is on the 50 Cuban peso banknote. **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/3095249) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3096628) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3096681) - 👊 Share your gains and goals with your comrades in the [New Weekly Improvement thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3143124) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
Edmundo González Urrutia, leader of the Plataforma Unitaria Democrática, was the runner up with 44.02%
Blas Roca Calederio, born on July 22 in 1908, was a Cuban communist revolutionary and radical journalist. Roca helped lead the 1933 general strike that ousted Gerardo Machado, and served in Fidel Castro's revolutionary government. Born into a poor family, Roca began working at age eleven, shining shoes. According to Castro, Roca was already a prominent communist organizer in the province of Oriente at 21 years old. At age 25, Roca helped lead a two week general strike that ousted dictator Gerardo Machado. By 1936, he was head of the Cuban Communist Party and began serving as a politican, helping author the 1940 Cuban Constitution. Under Roca's leadership, Cuban communists were instrumental in providing an organizational and ideological structure for Castro's revolution, as well as playing a pivotal role using the party's long-standing ties with the Soviet Union to promote increasingly closer ties during the early days of the revolution. In 1961, Blas Roca, leading a party delegation, presented a Cuban flag to Nikita Khrushchev during a meeting of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Roca served on the first central committee and politburo of the new Communist Party of Cuba, founded in 1965. - [Blas Roca, ecured](https://www.ecured.cu/Blas_Roca) - [FAREWELL ACT OF BLAS ROCA CALDERIO](https://www-cuba-cu.translate.goog/gobierno/discursos/1987/esp/f260487e.html?_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=es&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=sc) **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/3044162) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3045930) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/3044238) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
Disgusting on all sides. Milei's sister "clashed" again with the VP, which she already hated
 you are on periphery, bro, you can't print money
He was born on June 26, 1908, in Santiago. He was the son of Salvador Allende Castro, lawyer and notary and Laura Gossens Uribe. His sister, Laura Allende, was a congresswoman between 1965 and 1973; his niece, Denise Pascal Allende, was a socialist congresswoman; and his granddaughter, Maya Fernández Allende, was a congresswoman and is currently Minister of National Defense. In 1940 he married Hortensia Bussi Soto. He was the father of three daughters: Carmen Paz, Beatriz, office secretary during his presidency, and Isabel, socialist senator. He attended primary and secondary school at the Instituto Nacional and the Tacna and Valdivia High Schools. He finished his humanities at the Liceo Eduardo de la Barra in Valparaíso. In 1926 he did his military service in the Coraceros Regiment of Viña del Mar. That same year he entered the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Chile, where he graduated as a surgeon in 1932. His dissertation was entitled: "Mental Hygiene and Delinquency". At the same time, he worked as assistant professor of Anatomy at the School of Medicine and the Dental School, both at the aforementioned university. He practiced as a physician and anatomo-pathologist at the Casa de Orates and at the Public Beneficence. Between 1932 and 1936 he was a physician at the Asistencia Pública de Valparaíso and an anatomo-pathologist at hospitals in Puerto Montt. Also, between 1935 and 1936 he was the official reporter of the Medical Congress of the Municipality of Viña del Mar and presided over the Pan-American Medical Conference. During his university days, he was president of the Center of Students of Medicine and of the Federation of Students of Chile. Later, he was director of the group "Avance". In 1933 he participated in the founding of the Socialist Party of Chile, in which he remained all his life. Between 1937 and 1939 he was regional secretary of Valparaíso. In the parliamentary elections of 1937 he was elected deputy. Between September 28, 1939 and October 23, 1941, and between December 15, 1941 and April 7, 1942, he was Minister of Health, Welfare and Social Assistance during the government of Pedro Aguirre Cerda. In 1942, after finishing his ministerial work, he joined the Caja de Seguro Obligatorio, where he became vice-president and administrator. Between 1943 and 1944, as secretary general of the Socialist Party, he had to face divisions within the party. As a result, he sought to form a permanent alliance with the Communist Party of Chile, which was first raised within the PS. He was elected senator in the parliamentary elections of March 1945, a position to which he was reelected in 1953, 1961 and 1969, completing a parliamentary career of nearly thirty years. In 1946, in the context of the division of socialism, he joined the Popular Socialist Party. However, between 1950 and 1951 he returned to the Socialist Party of Chile. The union of this party with the Communist Party -excluded from its legal existence as a result of the Law of Permanent Defense of Democracy-, gave way to the foundation of the People's Front. In the 1952 presidential elections he was a presidential candidate for the first time, sponsored by the People's Front, obtaining 5% of the votes. That election was won by Carlos Ibáñez del Campo. In 1956 he participated in the formation of the Popular Action Front (FRAP), an alliance of left-wing parties that lasted eight years, until 1964. He was its first president. For the 1958 presidential elections, the FRAP presented him as a candidate. However, he was not elected, although he obtained second place in that vote, with 28.8% of the votes, and Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez was elected. Six years later, in the 1964 presidential elections, he was again a candidate supported by the FRAP. However, he was defeated by Eduardo Frei Montalva, although he obtained almost 39% of the votes. He was president of the Senate between 1966 and 1969, and in 1969 he was one of the founders of the Unidad Popular (UP), a political alliance that brought together the entire left, plus center forces. **Presidency of the Republic** He was elected President of the Republic on September 4, 1970. In the 1970 presidential elections, he obtained 36% of the votes, so he had to be ratified by the Plenary Congress, which had to choose between the two highest majorities: Salvador Allende Gossens and Jorge Alessandri. He achieved the definitive triumph thanks to the intervention of the Christian Democracy, which had the majority in Parliament. This party agreed to support him as long as the elected president and the parties representing his candidacy accepted the signing of a Statute of Democratic Guarantees, incorporated into the Political Constitution by means of a reform. Once this condition was accepted, on October 24, 1970, the Plenary Congress proclaimed him President of Chile, with 153 votes against 35 for Alessandri and 7 blank votes. For the first time in the history of the western world, a Marxist candidate reached the presidency of the Republic through the ballot box. He held office between November 3, 1970 and September 11, 1973. During his government he tried to establish socialism through the democratic path or Vía Chilena al Socialismo (Chilean Way to Socialism). In July 1971, Congress approved the Law for the Nationalization of Large Copper Mining. In the economic aspect, a policy of accentuated redistribution of income and reactivation of the economy was established. The Agrarian Reform Law, approved during the presidency of Eduardo Frei Montalva, allowed him to make rapid progress in the expropriation of large estates. He took the first steps to build the social property area of the economy, using legal procedures that did not question the legality of the existing system, although some called them "loopholes". In the field of international relations, the UP government reestablished bilateral relations with Cuba and relations were initiated, for the first time, with China, North Korea, North Vietnam and East Germany. In July 1971 he visited Salta in Argentina, and between August and September he visited Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Between November and December 1972 he toured Mexico, the United States, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and Cuba. In May 1973 he attended the inauguration of President Héctor José Cámpora in Argentina. Towards mid-1972, a deep economic crisis accelerated, which was expressed in the increase of inflation and productive stagnation, with consequences of shortages of basic goods in important sectors of the population. Inflation levels experienced a sharp rise, from 22.1% in 1971, to 260.5% in 1972, reaching 605.1% in 1973. At the international level, Allende's government was framed within the Cold War and the confrontation between capitalism and socialism at all levels, which was expressed in the strong influence of foreign countries in the Chilean process. While the United States actively supported the political and social opposition to the government, countries such as Cuba supported the Popular Unity. In the 1973 parliamentary elections, the opposition grouped in the Confederation for Democracy, an alliance formed by the Christian Democratic Party and the National Party, did not reach the two-thirds of the votes required to remove the President from office. The government alliance obtained 43% of the votes. In the following months, the political crisis worsened, which was expressed in the military uprising called "tanquetazo", on June 29, 1973, and in the failure of the government-opposition talks in August. On September 11, 1973 his government was overthrown in a military coup led by the Armed Forces and the Carabineros aided by the CIA. He committed suicide that same day during the attack on La Moneda Palace. >"Placed in a historic transition, I will pay for loyalty to the people with my life. And I say to them that I am certain that the seed which we have planted in the good conscience of thousands and thousands of Chileans will not be shriveled forever. They have strength and will be able to dominate us, but social processes can be arrested neither by crime nor force. History is ours, and people make history." - Salvador Allende, September 11th, 1973 - [ Allende in Chile Today](https://jacobin.com/2019/09/salvador-allende-chile-revolucion-democratica-frente-amplio) **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/2783436) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/2786230) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/2785126) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
(Rosario, Argentina, 1928 - Higueras, Bolivia, 1967) Latin-American Revolutionary. Along with Fidel Castro, whose movement he joined in 1956, he was one of the main architects of the triumph of the Cuban revolution (1959). He later held positions of great relevance in the new regime, but, dissatisfied with the inoperation of the offices and faithful to his purpose of extending the revolution to other Latin American countries, in 1966 he resumed his guerrilla activity in Bolivia, where he would be captured and executed a year later. Given his life thus in the fight against imperialism and dictatorship, Che Guevara became the greatest revolutionary myth of the 20th century. He was immediately an icon of the youth of May 68, and his figure has remained as a timeless symbol of ideals of freedom and justice that, like the heroes of yesteryear, he judged more valuable than life itself. Ernesto Che Guevara was born into a wealthy family in Argentina, where he studied medicine. His leftist militancy led him to participate in the opposition against Juan Domingo Perón; Since 1953 he traveled through Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela and Guatemala, discovering the prevailing misery among the masses of Latin America and the omnipresence of North American imperialism in the region, and participating in multiple opposition movements, experiences that definitely inclined him towards Marxism. In 1955 Ernesto Che Guevara met Fidel Castro and his brother Raúl Castro in Mexico, who were preparing a revolutionary expedition to Cuba. Guevara befriended the Castros, joined the group as a doctor, and landed with them in Cuba in 1956. Once the guerrillas settled in the Sierra Maestra, Guevara became Fidel's lieutenant and commanded one of the two columns that came out of the eastern mountains toward the west to liberate the island. He participated in the decisive battle for the capture of Santa Clara (1958) and finally entered Havana in 1959, ending the dictatorship of Fulgencio Batista. The new revolutionary Cuba granted Guevara Cuban nationality and appointed him head of the Militia and director of the Agrarian Reform Institute (1959), then president of the National Bank and Minister of Economy (1960), and, finally, Minister of Industry (1961). ). In those years, Guevara represented Cuba in various international forums, in which he frontally denounced US imperialism. On a trip around the world he met Nasser, Nehru, Sukarno and Tito (1959); On another trip he met various Soviet leaders and the Chinese Zhou Enlai and Mao Zedong.:based-department: In the task of building a new society in Cuba, and especially in the field of economics, Che Guevara was one of Fidel Castro's most tireless collaborators. In the economic controversy that took place at the beginning of the new cuba, he opted for an original, creative and not bureaucratic or institutionalized interpretation of Marxist principles. Looking for a path to the real independence of Cuba, he strove for the industrialization of the country, linking it to the aid of the Soviet Union, once the attempt to invade the island by the United States had failed and the socialist character of the Cuban revolution had been clarified ( 1961). Now relieved of his positions in the Cuban state, Che Guevara returned to Latin America in 1966 to launch a revolution that he hoped would be continental in scope: Bolivia thanks to its position in the middle of the continent and its strong natural defences would make ot the ideal starting socialist state. However, his action did not catch on with the Bolivian masses. From the beginning, his group, baptized as the National Liberation Army and made up of Cuban veterans from the Sierra Maestra and some Bolivian communists, found themselves lacking in support from the peasants, completely alien to the movement. Without any popular support in the rural world, and without support in the big cities for the rejection of communist political organizations, the chances of success drastically diminished. Isolated in a jungle region where he suffered the exacerbation of his asthmatic disease, Ernesto Guevara was betrayed by local peasants and fell into an ambush by the Bolivian army in the Valle Grande region, where he was wounded and arrested on October 8, 1967. Given Since Che had already become a symbol for young people around the world, the Bolivian military, advised by the CIA, wanted to destroy the revolutionary myth, assassinating him and then exposing his corpse, photographing himself with him, and bury him in secret. In 1997 the remains of Che Guevara were located, exhumed and transferred to Cuba, where they were buried with all honors by the Castro's Cuba - [The Motorcycle diaries ](https://therustyquill.files.wordpress.com/2013/12/ernst0cheguavara_m0t0rcycled1ar1es.pdf) - [Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War](https://ia801602.us.archive.org/15/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.533213/2015.533213.Reminiscences-of_text.pdf) - [Che Guevara Speech on Imperialism](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pe85wZVzzt4) - [Che Guevara Interview With ABC Reporter | 1964](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5qZ2iXaZP0) - [Che's Full Speech at United Nations December 1964](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBdUNi8iejs) **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/2684706) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/2746202) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/2737692) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
The images of the dipshit's bedroom really cracks me up https://www.clarin.com/policiales/cayo-nazi-samurai-parque-avellaneda-katanas-sueno-exterminar-judios-gays_0_MPQAmVCXR6.html
news.mongabay.com
- On June 2, in addition to president, Mexico will choose all 500 deputies in the lower house of Congress and all 128 seats in the Senate. - The main presidential candidates are left-wing Claudia Sheinbaum and right-wing Xóchitl Gálvez, with center-left Jorge Máynez representing a third, dark-horse option. - Both Sheinbaum and Gálvez want to invest more in renewable energy, but disagree about some controversial infrastructure projects. >MEXICO CITY — Mexico will hold elections on June 2 that are likely to shape the country for years to come. In addition to president, all 500 deputies in the lower house of Congress and all 128 seats in the Senate are on the ballot. The winners will have to reckon with a host of pressing environmental concerns that range from renewable energy and mining to access to clean water and infrastructure. >The main presidential candidates are left-wing Claudia Sheinbaum and right-wing Xóchitl Gálvez, with center-left Jorge Máynez representing a third, dark-horse option. One of them will take over from the polarizing left-wing populist President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO), who isn’t eligible to run again. >AMLO’s presidency had no shortage of scandals, and much of the criticism he received had to do with the environment. He favored fossil fuels over renewal energy, building new refineries and prioritizing state-owned oil and gas giant Pemex over private wind and solar power companies. He bet on huge infrastructure projects — trains, pipelines, interoceanic corridors — that angered Indigenous communities and skirted basic environmental regulations. >Meanwhile, the country is in the midst of a water crisis that threatens to leave millions of residents — both in major cities like Mexico City and rural areas like Oaxaca — without access to potable water. The problem stems from a lack of sanitation infrastructure and management, but it’s also a climate change and conservation problem. Droughts and desertification have exacerbated the crisis. [full article](https://news.mongabay.com/2024/05/whats-at-stake-for-the-environment-in-mexicos-upcoming-election/)
Augusto Cesar Sandino was a nicaraguan revolutionary remembered by being the leader of the resistance to the US occupation of Nicaragua in the first half of the 20th century. He was born in Niquinohomo, department of Masaya, on May 18, 1895. He was the son of Gregorio Sandino, a wealthy coffee farmer, and Margarita Calderón, an indigenous servant who worked on his father's plantation. In 1921 Sandino was forced to leave the country after shooting Dagoberto Rivas, the son of a prominent conservative from the town. During his stay in Mexico, Sandino was linked with leaders of various unionist, worker, socialist, anarchist and freemason groups. In 1925, after 13 years of US occupation in Nicaragua, the invading army withdrew its troops. In October of that year, the military coup of General Emiliano Chamorro against President Carlos José Solórzano occurred. North American troops land again at Bluefields. Sandino, upon learning of the beginning of the Constitutionalist War, decided to return to Nicaragua, where he arrived on June 1. >"In view of the abuses of North America in Nicaragua, I left Tampico, Mexico, on May 18, 1926, to join the Constitutionalist Army of Nicaragua, which was fighting against the regime imposed by the Yankee bankers in our Republic." On October 26, 1926, together with workers from the San Albino mines, he took up arms, joining the constitutional cause. He organized his combatants and leads an attack against the conservative barracks in the town of El Jícaro on November 2, 1926. After this success in combat, Sandino was recognized by the liberal military leaders for which he is appointed General-in-Chief of the Army of Las Segovias, where he establishes his base of operations. Sandino's war against the US Army With just 30 men, Sandino begins a national war against the American invaders and the surrendering government of José María Moncada. On September 2, 1927, the Defense Army of the National Sovereignty of Nicaragua was constituted. "Dynamics of Nicaragua" After intense fighting and without being able to defeat him, the US government of Herbert C, Hoover, ordered the withdrawal of the troops deployed in Nicaragua. With the election of Franklin D. Roosvelt, peace negotiations began with the US government. Sandino sent the new liberal president, Juan Bautista Sacasa, a peace proposal, which was accepted. On February 2, 1933, the war officially ends. Sandino's murder On February 21, 1934, after attending a dinner in La Loma (Presidential Palace), together with the writer Sofonías Salvatierra (Sacasa's Minister of Agriculture) and his lieutenants, Generals Francisco Estrada and Juan Pablo Umanzor, invited by Juan Bautista Sacasa , he is detained by Major Lisandro Delgadillo, who led them to the El Hormiguero prison. The three generals Sandino, Estrada and Umanzor were assassinated at eleven o'clock at night by troops from the battalion that guarded them. Two years later, Anastasio Somoza took the reins of Nicaragua, overthrowing President Sacasa, who was his in-law uncle. Somoza claimed that he had received orders from US Ambassador Arthur Bliss Lane to kill Sandino. Legacy The struggle for Freedom and sovereignty represented by Augusto Sandino has transcended borders, becoming a symbol of and flag of the peoples who fight against oppression and the domination of external forces. Sandino's ideas and thoughts are remembered in Nicaragua and the world: >"My greatest honor is to emerge from the bosom of the oppressed, who are the soul and nerve of the race." **Megathreads and spaces to hang out:** - 📀 Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow [Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube](https://live.hexbear.net/c/movies) - 🔥 Read and talk about a current topics in the [News Megathread](https://hexbear.net/post/2526093) - ⚔ Come talk in the [New Weekly PoC thread](https://hexbear.net/post/2526741) - ✨ Talk with fellow Trans comrades in the [New Weekly Trans thread](https://hexbear.net/post/2526332) **reminders:** - 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics - 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes comments over upbears - 💜 Sorting by new you nerd - 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can reserve a spot [here nerd](https://hexbear.net/post/261657) - 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon [instance toots.matapacos.dog](https://toots.matapacos.dog/explore) **Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):** **Aid:** - 🌈 [LGBTQ+ Resource Post](https://hexbear.net/post/279079) - 🍉 [Resources for Palestine](https://buildpalestine.com/2021/05/15/trusted-organizations-to-donate-to-palestine/) - [🐌☕ Zapatista Coffee](https://schoolsforchiapas.org/store/coffee-corn-and-agricultural/zapatista-coffee/) **Theory:** - ❤️[Foundations of Leninism](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) - ❤️[Anarchism and Other Essays](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays)
latam
!latam@hexbear.net
[GUARANÍ] Tereg̃uaheporãite / [ES] Bienvenidos / [PT] Bem vindo / [FR] Bienvenue / [NL] Welkom
Everything to do with the USA's own Imperial Backyard. From hispanics to the originary peoples of the americas to the diasporas, South America to Central America, to the Caribbean to North America (yes, we're also there).
Post memes, art, articles, questions, anything you'd like as long as it's about Latin America. Try to tag your posts with the language used, check the tags used above for reference (and don't forget to put some lime and salt to it).
